When both ears have hearing loss, the condition is called a bilateral hearing loss. This is in contrast to hearing loss affecting only one ear which is called unilateral hearing loss. Bilateral hearing loss can occur at any age. The onset of bilateral hearing loss may be gradual or occur suddenly.

Aging and noise exposure are common causes of bilateral hearing loss. Bilateral hearing loss caused by aging is called presbycusis. Hearing loss associated with aging usually develops gradually. Tobacco use and noise exposure increase a person’s risk of developing bilateral hearing loss.

Auditory trauma such as being close to a loud explosion can be a cause of bilateral hearing loss. Such noise exposure can rupture the eardrums. Repeated noise exposure like noise in an industrial setting can also cause bilateral hearing loss. The use of some medications and certain diseases or illness can cause a bilateral hearing impairment.

The physician may ask the patient questions about the beginning of the hearing loss. After examining the ears, the doctor may perform a hearing test to check for the presence and severity of the hearing loss. General practitioners often use the whisper test, a tuning fork, or an audiometry test to diagnose a hearing loss. If one of these tests indicates a hearing loss, the doctor may refer the patient to a specialist for a more detailed examination and evaluation of the hearing loss.

Bilateral hearing loss is most often treated with the use of hearing aids. Two hearing aids are recommended for bilateral hearing loss to give the best result. Using only one hearing aid can cause problems associated with unilateral hearing loss such as difficulty hearing sound close to the ear without the hearing aid or trouble pinpointing the source of sound.

There are several different kinds of hearing aids. The patient may chose an analog or digital hearing aid. Hearing aids differ by how they are worn. Some hearing aids fit onto the ear while other fit partially or completely into the ear canal. The patient may want to ask about purchase prices, ease of use, and cost of maintenance when deciding which is the best hearing aid.